The Philosophy of Praxis by Andrew Feenberg

Author:Andrew Feenberg
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Verso Books

THE CRITIQUES

Abram Deborin and Laszlo Rudas wrote two of the major early critiques of History and Class Consciousness; they accuse Lukács of idealism from a Leninist perspective and introduce the main themes of later critique, particularly “orthodox” Marxist critique.3 Deborin and Rudas claim that Lukács sets Engels against Marx in order to substitute his own idealistic dialectic for their materialistic dialectic. In a footnote to the first essay of History and Class Consciousness, Lukács does actually reject the application of dialectics to nature, and offers an interpretation of historical dialectics he distinguishes rather sharply from that of Engels.

It is of the first importance to realize that the method is limited here to the realms of history and society. The misunderstandings that arise from Engels’ account of dialectics can in the main be put down to the fact that Engels—following Hegel’s mistaken lead—extended the method to apply also to nature. However, the crucial determinants of dialectics—the interaction of subject and object, the unity of theory and practice, the historical changes in the reality underlying the categories as the root cause of changes in thought, etc.—are absent from our knowledge of nature.4

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